Air Freshener Safety: What You Need to Know Before Using These Products

These products come in a variety of forms, including sprays, plug-ins, and automatic dispensers, and are widely available at stores and online. 

While air fresheners can certainly be a pleasant addition to our surroundings, it’s important to consider the safety of these products before using them. 

In this article, we will discuss the different types of air fresheners available, the ingredients found in them, and the potential health concerns associated with their use. 

We will also provide tips on how to safely use air fresheners and discuss alternative options for freshening the air. 

Let’s get started.

Air Freshener Safety Concerns

There are several different types of air fresheners available on the market, each with its own unique features and benefits. Here is a closer look at the most common types of air fresheners:

Spray Air Fresheners

These are perhaps the most well-known type of air freshener. They come in a can or bottle and are sprayed into the air or onto surfaces to release a fragrance. 

Some spray air fresheners have a continuous spray option, while others require manual activation each time you want to release a burst of fragrance. These products are relatively inexpensive and easy to use, but they may not last as long as other types of air fresheners.

Safety  concerns

• Prone to accidental discharge if not properly used
• Inhaling spray can cause respiratory irritation [1]
• Harmful if accidentally ingested or inhaled[2]

Safety tip:  spray air fresheners should be kept out of reach of children and pets

Further reading: Pros and cons of using spray air fresheners

Plug-in Air Fresheners

These are designed to be plugged into an electrical outlet and typically come with a small bottle of fragrance that is inserted into the device. 

The fragrance is then dispersed into the air via a heating element or fan. These air fresheners are convenient and can last for several weeks or longer, depending on the strength of the fragrance and the frequency of use.

Safety  concerns

• Can be dangerous if left on overnight as they are a fire hazard [3]
• Not safe around pets or in small spaces due to the heating element
• Misuse can cause respiratory irritation and headaches

Safety tip: Always follow manufacturers instructions when using plug in air fresheners

Further reading: Pros and cons of using plug in air fresheners

Automatic Air Fresheners

These are similar to plug-in air fresheners, but they have a built-in timer that releases a burst of fragrance at predetermined intervals. They are convenient and can be set to release a burst of fragrance at specific times of the day, such as when you wake up or come home from work.

However, they may not be as customizable as other types of air fresheners, and the timing of the fragrance releases may not be suitable for all users.

Safety  concerns

• Can be dangerous if left on overnight as they are a fire hazard
• Not safe around pets or in small spaces due to the heating element
• Misuse can cause respiratory irritation and headaches

Safety tip: always follow manufacturers instructions when using automatic air fresheners

Reed Diffusers

These air fresheners consist of a bottle of fragrance oil and a set of reeds that are placed in the oil. The reeds absorb the fragrance oil and release it into the air through evaporation. 

Reed diffusers are a popular choice for those who prefer a continuous, subtle fragrance and do not want to worry about replacing batteries or refilling bottles. However, they may not be as effective at covering up strong odors as other types of air fresheners.

Safety  concerns

• Not safe around pets or children as the fragrance is harmful if ingested [4]
• Misuse can cause respiratory irritation and headaches

Safety tip: always follow manufacturers instructions when using plug in air fresheners

Further reading: Pros and cons of using reed diffusers

Scented Candles

Candles are not necessarily marketed as air fresheners, but they can certainly be used to freshen the air in a space. Candles come in a variety of fragrances and can provide a pleasant ambiance in addition to releasing a fragrance into the air.

Safety  concerns

• It is a fire hazard if not handled properly [5]
• People may be sensitive to the smoke and fumes produced

Safety tip: Follow proper candle safety guidelines, such as trimming the wick to 1/4 inch before lighting, placing the candle on a stable surface, and never leaving a burning candle unattended.

Further reading: Pros and cons of using scented candle air fresheners

Natural Air Fresheners

There are also a variety of natural air fresheners available, such as essential oils, herbs, and plants. These products can be used in a variety of ways, such as through a diffuser, by adding a few drops to a bowl of water, or by placing a sprig of herbs in a vase. 

Natural air fresheners are often preferred by those who are sensitive to synthetic fragrances or chemicals and may be more eco-friendly than traditional air fresheners.

However, they may not last as long as other types of air fresheners and may not be as effective at covering up strong odors.

Safety  concerns

• Not safe around pets or children as some plants and essential oils may be toxic
• Essential oils can be harmful of applied to the skin undiluted [6]
• Dangerous if ingested 

Safety tip: always follow manufacturers instructions when using natural  air fresheners

Further reading: Benefits of using essential oils as air fresheners

Ingredients in Air Fresheners

Air fresheners contain a variety of ingredients that are responsible for releasing the fragrance, preserving the product, and helping it to disperse into the air. Here is a closer look at some common ingredients found in air fresheners:

Fragrances

Fragrances are the main component of air fresheners and are responsible for the scent of the product. Fragrances can be derived from natural sources, such as essential oils, or they can be synthetic, meaning they are created in a laboratory. 

Synthetic fragrances are often used in air fresheners because they are less expensive and more consistent than natural fragrances. However, synthetic fragrances may be more likely to cause allergies or sensitivities in some people[7].

Solvents

Solvents are used in air fresheners to dissolve and disperse the fragrance and other ingredients. Common solvents used in air fresheners include alcohol, propylene glycol, and dipropylene glycol. These solvents can potentially cause respiratory irritation or other health issues if inhaled in large quantities[8,9, 10,11] .

Preservatives

Preservatives are used in air fresheners to extend the shelf life of the product and prevent the growth of bacteria and mold. Common preservatives used in air fresheners include formaldehyde, a known carcinogen, and parabens, which have been linked to endocrine disruption and allergic reactions [12].

Other Ingredients

Air fresheners may also contain a variety of other ingredients, such as emulsifiers, which help to mix the ingredients together, and pH adjusters, which help to maintain the stability of the product. These ingredients may be derived from natural or synthetic sources and may pose potential health risks if inhaled or ingested in large quantities[13].

Note: Companies are not required to  disclose air freshener ingredients on labels; This makes it hard for consumers to understand what is in the products. However, some companies may disclose ingredients upon request.

The potential health risks associated with air fresheners depend on the specific ingredients used and the individual’s sensitivity to those ingredients.

Some people may be more sensitive to certain ingredients and may experience allergic reactions, asthma, or chemical sensitivities when using air fresheners. 

It is also important to consider the potential long-term effects of exposure to these ingredients, as many air fresheners are used on a daily basis and can release chemicals into the air over time.

Safety Considerations When Using Air Fresheners

Here are a few safety considerations to keep in mind when using air fresheners:

Follow the Manufacturer’s Instructions

It is important to follow the manufacturer’s instructions when using air fresheners, as overuse or misuse can potentially cause respiratory irritation or headaches. This includes following the recommended frequency of use, keeping the product out of reach of children and pets, and using it in well-ventilated areas.

Avoid Inhaling the Product Directly

Inhaling the spray from a can of air freshener or the fumes from a burning candle can potentially cause respiratory irritation. It is important to use these products in well-ventilated areas and to avoid inhaling the product directly.

Keep the Product out of Reach of Children and Pets

Air fresheners can be harmful if ingested or inhaled by children or pets. It is important to keep the product out of reach of these groups, especially if the product contains potentially toxic ingredients such as essential oils.

Consider the Potential Health Risks

Some ingredients found in air fresheners, such as synthetic fragrances and preservatives, may pose potential health risks if inhaled or ingested in large quantities. It is important to consider the potential risks and benefits before using air fresheners and to be cautious if you or a family member has allergies, asthma, or chemical sensitivities.

Look for Products that Disclose their Ingredients

Some companies may disclose the ingredients in their air fresheners on their websites or upon request. It may be helpful to look for products that disclose their ingredients on the label, as this can help you to understand what is in the product and make an informed decision about its safety.

Consider Alternative Options for Freshening the Air

In addition to traditional air fresheners, there are a variety of alternative options for freshening the air in a space. Here are a few examples:

Opening windows

Opening windows can be a simple and effective way to freshen the air in a space. Fresh air can help to dissipate any lingering odors and bring in a pleasant, natural fragrance. This option is particularly effective in the spring and summer months when the weather is pleasant.

Using an air purifier

An air purifier can help to remove contaminants from the air, including dust, pollen, and smoke, which can contribute to unpleasant odors. Some air purifiers also have a built-in air freshener function, which can release a pleasant fragrance into the air. 

Air purifiers can be a good choice for those who are sensitive to dust, pollen, or other allergens and may also have a variety of health benefits.

Using natural scents

There are a variety of natural scents that can be used to freshen the air in a space, such as herbs, spices, and citrus fruits.

These scents can be used in a variety of ways, such as by adding a few drops of essential oil to a bowl of water, placing a sprig of herbs in a vase, or grating citrus peel and placing it in a small dish. 

Natural scents are a popular choice for those who are sensitive to synthetic fragrances or chemicals and may have a variety of health benefits in addition to freshening the air.

Using a fan

 A fan can help to circulate the air in a space and dissipate any lingering odors. This option is particularly effective in the warmer months when the air is stagnant and may be more prone to odors.

What Next?

Air fresheners can be a convenient and pleasant addition to our surroundings, but it’s important to consider the safety of these products before using them. It is important to be informed about the potential risks and benefits of air fresheners and to follow the manufacturer’s instructions when using these products. Check How to Use Air Fresheners Effectively in Your Home